Kodi siginecha ya 5G NR Wave ndi chiyani?

Zizindikiro za mafunde a millimeter zimapereka bandwidth yotakata komanso ma data apamwamba kuposa ma siginecha otsika. Yang'anani pa tcheni cha siginecha pakati pa mlongoti ndi gulu la digito.
Wailesi yatsopano ya 5G (5G NR) imawonjezera mafunde a millimeter pazida zam'manja ndi maukonde. Pamodzi ndi izi pamabwera unyolo wa siginecha wa RF-to-baseband ndi zida zomwe sizofunikira pama frequency ochepera 6 GHz. Ngakhale mafunde a millimeter mwaukadaulo amachokera ku 30 mpaka 300 GHz, pazifukwa za 5G amachokera ku 24 mpaka 90 GHz, koma nthawi zambiri amafika pamtunda wa 53 GHz. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma millimeter wave poyambilira kumayembekezeredwa kuti apereke kuthamanga kwa data pama foni am'mizinda m'mizinda, koma adasamukira kumilandu yogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ngati mabwalo amasewera. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa intaneti yopanda zingwe (FWA) ndi maukonde achinsinsi.
Zopindulitsa zazikulu za 5G mmWave Kutulutsa kwakukulu kwa 5G mmWave kumalola kusamutsidwa kwakukulu kwa data (10 Gbps) ndi mpaka 2 GHz channel bandwidth (palibe kuphatikizira konyamula). Izi ndizoyenera kwambiri pamaneti omwe ali ndi zosowa zazikulu zosamutsa deta. 5G NR imathandizanso kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa data pakati pa 5G radio network network ndi network core. Maukonde a LTE ali ndi latency ya 100 milliseconds, pomwe maukonde a 5G ali ndi latency ya 1 millisecond yokha.
Ndi chiyani chomwe chili mu siginecha ya mmWave? Ma radio frequency interface (RFFE) nthawi zambiri amatanthauzidwa ngati chilichonse pakati pa tinyanga ndi baseband digito system. RFFE nthawi zambiri imatchedwa gawo la analog-to-digital la wolandila kapena transmitter. Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa zomangamanga zomwe zimatchedwa kutembenuka kwachindunji (zero IF), momwe chosinthira deta chimagwira ntchito mwachindunji pa chizindikiro cha RF.
Chithunzi 1. Zomangamanga za 5G mmWave zimagwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo za RF mwachindunji; Palibe inverter yofunikira (Chithunzi: Kufotokozera mwachidule).
Unyolo wamawonekedwe a millimeter wave ndi RF ADC, RF DAC, fyuluta yotsika, amplifier yamagetsi (PA), zosinthira digito pansi ndi mmwamba, zosefera za RF, amplifier yotsika phokoso (LNA), ndi jenereta ya wotchi ya digito ( CLK). Oscillator yotsekedwa ndi gawo / voltage controlled oscillator (PLL/VCO) imapereka oscillator wamba (LO) kwa otembenuza mmwamba ndi pansi. Masinthidwe (omwe akuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi 2) amalumikiza mlongoti ku siginecha yolandila kapena kutumiza. Zosawonetsedwa ndi beamforming IC (BFIC), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti kristalo wagawo kapena beamformer. BFIC imalandira chizindikiro kuchokera ku upconverter ndikuigawa m'njira zingapo. Ilinso ndi gawo lodziyimira pawokha ndikuwongolera njira iliyonse yowongolera makonda.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira yolandirira, tchanelo chilichonse chimakhalanso ndi gawo lodziyimira palokha ndikuwongolera zowongolera. Pamene downconverter yatsegulidwa, imalandira chizindikiro ndikuchitumiza kudzera mu ADC. Pagawo lakutsogolo pali chowonjezera champhamvu, LNA ndipo pamapeto pake chosinthira. RFFE imathandizira PA kapena LNA kutengera ngati ili munjira yotumizira kapena kulandira.
Transceiver Chithunzi 2 chikuwonetsa chitsanzo cha transceiver ya RF yogwiritsa ntchito kalasi ya IF pakati pa baseband ndi 24.25-29.5 GHz millimeter wave band. Zomangamangazi zimagwiritsa ntchito 3.5 GHz ngati IF yokhazikika.
Kutumizidwa kwa zida zopanda zingwe za 5G kudzapindulitsa kwambiri opereka chithandizo ndi ogula. Misika yayikulu yomwe imaperekedwa ndi ma module a Broadband cellular ndi ma module olumikizirana a 5G kuti athandizire Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT). Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana kwambiri mawonekedwe a ma millimeter wave a 5G. M'nkhani zamtsogolo, tipitiliza kukambirana za mutuwu ndikuyang'ana mwatsatanetsatane pazinthu zosiyanasiyana za 5G mmWave sign chain.
Suzhou Cowin imapereka mitundu yambiri ya mlongoti wa RF 5G 4G LTE 3G 2G GSM GPRS GPRS, ndikuthandizira kuthetsa mlongoti wochita bwino kwambiri pa chipangizo chanu popereka lipoti lathunthu la kuyezetsa kwa mlongoti, monga VSWR, phindu, mphamvu ndi mawonekedwe a 3D ma radiation.